Introduction

Chapter –1

1.1 Introduction

Teknaf upazila with an area of 388.68 sq.km is bounded by hilly area and Ukhia Upazila on the north, the bay of Bengal on the south and west, Naf river and Myanmar on the east.

Geomorphologic evolution is the evolution of physical characteristics is based in the geologically recent history. Magnitude of morphological change is the important element in the geomorphologic evolution. Coastal geomorphology relates to landform features and Land forming processes that are shaped by atmospheric, terrestrial and marine processes. In order to quantify the geomorphologic evolution of an stretch of coastline, it is necessary to analysed the system state in terms of the nature of the coastline, its origins,  its composition, its controlling and forcing mechanism and its behavioural characterises . Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia)

The present study will focus on Geomorphologic evolution of the area and the present situation of Rohinga Refuges.

1.2.1       Objectives

The geomorphologic evolution of Teknaf depends on a clear understanding of successive geological and biological sequences. Thus the present report could have number of objective. The aim of this report is to understand the Geomorphologic evolution at Teknaf in Bangladesh. Specifically, the objectives are  -

I.                    To identify the geomorphologic units of the study area.

II.                 To understand thelithosiratigraphysequence3s of the study area

III.               To explore the dune characteristics in the coastal zone of the study area

IV.              To understand the Socio – economic and migration pattern of the Rohinga Refugee in Bagladesh. 

     1.3 Methodology

The present study is a small area detail work. For the purpose of this study, the investigation was carried out in two phase, phase – 1 include extensive field work, and phase – II consists of collecting data,. laboratory analysis of sample and interpretation. So, different techniques had to apply to collect information and to analyse them following methods were carried out for this study.

(I) Map analysis:

To study Teknaf Map for area measurement and to identify the geomorphological unit of the study area.

(II) Borehoe method:

Borehole techniques exposed profile technique for lithostratigraphic records. Specifically Augure have been used.

(III) In lithostratigraphic techniques:

In lithostratigraphic analysis the troels – smith (1955) scheme have been followed

(IV) Dune measurement:

The identification of patterns of sediment particle structure and representation in graph.

(V) Questionnaire survey:

To collect data, we use questionnaire and the total questionnaire is101.

(VI) Statistical analysis:

The collected sample are being analysed in Laboratory and this record have been calculated.

(VII) Secondary materials:

To collect secondary material in various source for applying this report.

So, the following methodology has been applied to conduct the research.

1.4 Significance of the study

A successful application would reveal the geomorphological evolution at Teknaf. The present work could initiate and establish a new approach at Teknaf. This would be a development which could have for reaching effects for archaeologist’s geologists, geographers and other environmental scientists. In this research attempts are made to understand the lithostratigaphy in the area, morphological characteristics of coastal dune laboratory analysis, at dunes and particle size and socio economic condition of the Rohinga refugees. The development of any nation or society mainly depends on its socio economic condition. Realize this phenomena the study about their life style is more significant

In one region, socio economic condition can keep a great contribution to provide the basic demands for local people. For example, the best socio economic condition can provide sufficient food, cloth, comfortable settlement, proper educational instrument, modern facilities etc. So, to supply these things the study is essential matter. By field study we may kind a clue of surrounding problems and also find now to solve it.

1.5 problems identification

Every research is designed based upon particular time and money. According this plan objective, methodology, if researches are selected, the present researcher has faced following problems during the research work. Shortage of instrument, communication gap, time limitations, shortage of security, unfavourable weather condition, Coastal region area another’s important limitation, to lack of communication and lack of security. Another limitation was due to shortage of instrument and other facilities, but a work in study area with own confidence.